Banca Mondială estimează că explozia din portul Beirut a provocat pierderi de peste opt miliarde de dolari

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Realitatea Financiara
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Explozia din portul Beirut a provocat pagube materiale şi pierderi economice cuprinse între 6,7 şi 8,1 miliarde de dolari, iar Libanul are nevoie urgent de 605 până la 760 milioane de dolari pentru a-şi reveni, se arată într-o estimare publicată luni de Banca Mondială, informează AFP, citat de agerpres.

Explozia de la 4 august, în urma căreia s-a ridicat un nor gros de fum în formă de ciupercă, a ucis 178 de persoane şi a rănit alte 6.000 şi a provocat pagube materiale cuprinse între 3,8 şi 4,6 miliarde de dolari, în timp ce pierderile economice, rezultate ca urmare a diminuării producţiei în diferite sectoare ale economiei, se situează între 2,9 şi 3,5 miliarde de dolari, potrivit rezultatelor unei evaluări rapide a pagubelor şi nevoilor realizată în comun de ONU şi Uniunea Europeană între 5 şi 31 august.

Sectoarele cele mai grav afectate sunt cel al locuinţelor, al transporturilor şi al patrimoniului cultural (precum aşezămintele religioase şi site-urile arheologice, monumentele naţionale, teatrele, arhivele, bibliotecile şi alte monumente), precizează Banca Mondială, într-un raport publicat înaintea vizitei preşedintelui Franţei, Emmanuel Macron în Liban.

Instituţia de la Washington a estimat nevoile de reconstrucţie imediată (până la finele anului) între 650 şi 760 milioane de dolari, iar cele pentru anul 2021 între 1,18 şi 1,46 miliarde de dolari. Cel mai mult ar avea nevoie de ajutor sectorul transporturilor, urmat de cel al culturii şi locuinţelor.

Pe plan macroeconomic, Banca Mondială avertizează că „explozia a provocat trei efecte economice majore: pierderi de activitate economică cauzate de distrugerea fizică a capitalului, perturbarea schimburilor comerciale şi pierderea de venituri bugetare”. Din aceste motive, potrivit previziunilor Băncii Mondiale, Produsul Intern Brut al Libanului ar urma să înregistreze o scădere suplimentară cu 0,4 puncte în 2020 şi cu 0,6 puncte anul viitor.

Înainte chiar de această explozie, Libanul se confrunta cu o criză pe mai multe planuri (economic, financiar şi monetar) care, agravată de efectele pandemiei de Covid-19, a determinat Banca Mondială să anticipeze un recul al PIB de 10,9% în 2020.

„Catastrofa nu doar că va exacerba contracţia activităţii economice, dar va agrava de asemenea şi sărăcia, care afecta deja 45% din populaţie înainte de explozie”.

În condiţiile în care, ţinând cont de insolvabilitatea sa şi de lipsa de rezerve valutare, Libanul nu va putea cont decât pe ajutorul internaţional şi pe investiţiile private, „va trebui să pună în practică un program de reforme credibile pentru a combate corupţia şi a pune capăt controlului elitei”, susţine organizaţia economică.

Articolul precedentProgramul Tezaur continuă şi în luna septembrie
Articolul următorCe alte venituri cresc odată cu majorarea punctului de pensie, de la 1 septembrie

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