Când va fi gata primul mini-reactor nuclear din România, construit cu SUA – Anunțul lui Nicolae Ciucă

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Realitatea Financiara
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Premierul Nicolae Ciucă a anunțat luni care sunt următorii pași pentru realizarea centralelor nucleare modulare în România, prin parteneriatul cu SUA.

„Am fost, împreună cu ministrul energiei, cu ministrul agriculturii, la două obiective foarte importante. Este vorba de Centrala Nucleară de la Cernavodă, unde, împreună cu echipa de conducere de la centrală şi, desigur, cea a Ministerului Energiei, am confirmat, practic, interesul pe care guvernul îl are în vederea consolidării capacităţilor noastre energetice şi am oferit de asemenea garanţii în vederea continuării proiectelor pentru punerea în funcţiune a reactoarelor III şi IV şi, desigur, derularea proiectelor pentru reactoarele modulare mici, toate aceste activităţi urmând a se derula într-o perioadă de timp nu pe termen scurt, ci ea vizează măsuri pe termen mediu şi lung”, a declarat Nicolae Ciucă în deschiderea ședinței de guvern de luni seară.

Premierul a vizita luni Centrala nuclearelectrică de la Cernavodă, unde au avut loc discuții despre rolul energiei nucleare în strategia energetică a României și modul în care dezvoltarea programului nuclear românesc, prin proiectele de investiții ale Nuclearelectrica, va contribui la securitatea energetică și la tranziția energetică către o economie curată.

„Este foarte important să conștientizăm faptul că tot acest efort trebuie să se concretizeze prin coordonarea și conlucrarea între ministere, atât Ministerului Energiei, cât și Ministerul Finanțelor urmând să stabilească foarte clar modul în care se îndeplinesc fiecare dintre etapele prevăzute în acest plan de dezvoltare a capacităților energetice”, a mai spus Nicolae Ciucă, la ședința de guvern.

România va include în sistemul naţional de producere a energiei Reactoare Modulare Mici (SMR) până în anul 2028, ceea ce va consolida parteneriatul cu SUA în domeniul nuclear civil. Pe 2 noiembrie 2021, președintele SUA, Joe Biden, și președintele Klaus Iohannis au anunțat planurile pe care cele două țări le au pentru construcția unei centrale cu reactoare modulare (SMR), prima de acest fel în România, în parteneriat cu US NuScale Power.

Pe 4 noiembrie 2021, România și SUA au semnat, la Glasgow, acordul de colaborare pentru construirea unui reactor modular mic. Acordul comercial include o uzină NuScale cu 12 module, care va crea inițial peste 6.000 de locuri de muncă în SUA și România, cu potențialul creșterii acestora la 30.000, pe măsură ce proiectul va crește. Implementarea tehnologiei SMR va contribui la creșterea unui sector energetic fără carbon și cu emisii de gaz zero.

Centrala ce urmează să fie construită în România, bazată pe reactoare modulare, este prima de acest tip din Europa, anunța la acel moment Nuclearelectrica. Construcția primului SMR comercial ar urma să fie gata în 2027-2028.

Discuţiile dintre România și SUA pentru includerea dezvoltării centralelor nucleare mici, modulare, datează încă din 2019, din timpul mandatului fostului președinte Donald Trump. 

Nuclearelectrica, operatorul centralei nucleare de la Cernavodă, a anunţat în martie 2019 că a semnat un Memorandum de Înţelegere cu firma americană NuScale Power în vederea realizării unui schimb de informaţii tehnice şi economice cu privire la tehnologia nucleară inovatoare dezvoltată de NuScale. Scopul acestui memorandum este evaluarea dezvoltării, autorizării şi construcţiei SMR ca o potenţială soluţie pe termen lung pentru România.
Agentia SUA pentru Comerț și Dezvoltare (USTDA) si Nuclearelectrica SA au anunțat, în ianuarie 2020, acordarea de catre USTDA a unui grant nerambursabil în valoare de 1,27 milioane de dolari pentru finanțarea costului serviciilor de asigurare a asistenței tehnice aferente identificării și realizării unei evaluări preliminare a unor potențiale amplasamente nucleare compatibile cu tehnologiile SMR în România.

Organizația Greenpeace a atras atenția asupra faptului că tehnologia americană nu este încă autorizată în Europa și că un reactor de acest fel nu a mai fost construit nici în SUA și nici într-o altă țară. Nici fostul ministru al Energiei, Răzvan Nicolescu, nu vede cu ochi buni ideea implementării acestui tip de tehnologie la noi în țară.

CULISELE STATULUI PARALEL. România, cobai pentru noile tehnologii americane

Sursa: Realitatea Financiara

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